关于冬至的趣味小知识 | 3 Facts about the Winter Solstice_冬至_太阳_北半球

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“天时人事日相催，冬至阳生春又来。”大家都知道，冬至是北半球全年中白天最短、黑夜最长的一天，但是你可能不了解的是，冬至却不是日出最晚、日落最早的一天。本文就带你了解几个关于冬至的趣味小知识。

1. THE WORD SOLSTICE TRANSLATES TO "SUN STAND STILL."

冬至英文solstice的意思是“太阳静止不动”

Solsticederives from the Latin term solstitium, containing sol, which means "sun," and the past participle stem of sistere, meaning "to make stand." This comes from the fact that the sun’s position in the sky relative to the horizon at noon, which increases and decreases throughout the year, appears to pause in the days surrounding the solstice.

冬至英文solstice源于拉丁文solstitium，sol意思是“太阳”，stitium是sistere的过去分词形式，意思是“停下来”。这是基于对正午时分太阳在天空中位置的观察，太阳的位置会随着四季轮回升降，而在冬至前后太阳似乎停下来不动了。

2. EARTH IS CLOSEST TO THE SUN AROUND THE WINTER SOLSTICE.

冬至前后地球距离太阳最近

Though it doesn’t feel like it in the Northern Hemisphere, Earth is closer to the sun in early January—approximately 3 million miles closer—than it is in early July. The shortest distance between the sun and a planet is called perihelion.

尽管身在北半球的你可能感觉不到，但是地球在1月初比7月初距离太阳更近，近了大约300万英里。太阳和一颗行星最短的距离叫作近日点。

Despite the proximity to the sun, the reason for cold temperatures is because the Northern Hemisphere receives less sunlight and has cooler temperatures in winter due to Earth’s 23.5-degree tilt. The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun in winter, and toward it in July.

尽管距离太阳更近，但是温度却很低，这是由于地球倾斜23.5度导致北半球在冬天接收到的阳光更少，因此天气也更冷。北半球在冬天是背离太阳的方向倾斜着身子公转，而在夏天（7月）是向着太阳倾斜。

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3. THE WINTER SOLSTICE MARKS THE SHORTEST DAY OF THE YEAR, BUT NOT THE EARLIEST SUNSET.

冬至是一年中白昼最短的一天，但不是日落最早的一天

Though the winter solstice is the day with the least amount of sunlight, that’s not because of the sunset. In fact, the earliest sunset happens about two weeks prior.

尽管冬至是日照最少的一天，但这不是因为日落时间早。事实上，日落最早的时间是在约两周以前。

The discrepancy is due to the way we calculate time. Our clocks operate on an exact 24-hour schedule, but our days are technically a little longer or shorter. One day equals the time between when the sun is at its highest point in the sky, called solar noon, and the next.

这种差异是由于我们计算时间的方式产生的。我们的时钟按照精确的24小时来运行，但是从严格意义上来讲我们每一天的时间会长一点或短一点。从太阳升至天空最高点（正午时分）到第二天再次升至最高点的这段时间算作一天。

A solar dayis slightly longer than 24 hours during the summer and winter solstices and slightly shorter during the spring and fall equinoxes because of Earth’s tilt and orbit.

由于地球的倾斜角度和公转，夏至和冬至时的一个太阳日比24小时略长，在春分和秋分比24小时略短。

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来源：中国日报、VCG ‍‍‍‍

编辑：蒋楚嫣

审核：朱娜

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