benjaminfranklin（求本杰明富兰克林风筝实验英文简介）_富兰克林_美国_美元

本文目录

• 求本杰明富兰克林风筝实验英文简介
• 100美元上印着哪个历史人物为什么是他

求本杰明富兰克林风筝实验英文简介

Benjamin Franklin’s wildly dangerous kite experiment has grown into an American legend. Almost everyone has heard of Franklin flying a kite with a key in an electrical storm, but few of us actually understand how the experiment works. Ben hypothesized that lightning is an electrical phenomenon, and that the electrical effect of lightning might be transferable to another object and cause an effect that could be recognized as electricity. He set out to prove it in an experiment.

In 1752, on a dark June afternoon in Philadelphia, the 46 year-old Ben Franklin decided to fly a kite. With the help of his son, William, they attached his kite to a silk string, tying an iron key at the other end. Next, they tied a thin metal wire from the key and inserted the wire into a Leyden jar, a container for storing an electrical charge. Finally, as the sky darkened and a thunderstorm approached, they attached a silk ribbon to the key. Holding onto the kite by the silk ribbon, Ben flew the kite and once it was aloft, he retreated into a barn so that he would not get wet. The thunder storm cloud passed over Franklin’s kite, whereupon the negative charges in the cloud passed onto his kite, down the wet silk string, to the key, and into the jar. Ben however, was unaffected by the negative charges because he was holding the dry silk ribbon, insulating him from the charges on the key. When he moved his free hand near the iron key, he received a shock. Why? Because the negative charges in the key were so strongly attracted to the positive charges in his body, a spark jumped from the key to his hand. Franklin’s experiment successfully showed that lightning was static electricity. You can experience this same reaction when you shuffle your feet on a carpet and reach for a metal doorknob.

Franklin was actually lucky to have survived, for after this famous incident, several other would-be-scientists who performed this same kite experiment were electrocuted.

Realizing that this form of electricity could be charged over a conductor and into the ground, he invented the lightning rod and conductor, providing the lightning an alternative path to the earth. Later in his life, lightning struck his own house, but his lightning rod saved it from burning.

100美元上印着哪个历史人物为什么是他

100美元券正面是著名科学家，政治家，金融家本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin,1706-1790）肖像。但是富兰克林却没当过总统，那他的头像为什么会被印在100美元上呢？

相信很多人认识他都是因为他科学家的身份，人民大都听说过他通过风筝-雷电试验，证明了闪电的本质是电，并发明了避雷针的故事。

那么，仅凭科学家的身份，富兰克林怎么会被印在100美元上，名垂青史呢？原他还是一位优秀的政治家，是美国独立战争的老战士。他参加起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪法，积极主张废除奴隶制度，深受美国人民的崇敬。他是美国第一位驻外大使（法国），所以在世界上也享有较高的声誉。因为他为美国独立所做出的贡献，富兰克林的头像当之无愧的被印在100美元上。

富兰克林还用了不少时间去从事社会活动。他特别重视教育，他兴办图书馆、组织和创立多个协会都是为了提高各阶层人的文化素质。

法国经济学家杜尔哥曾评价富兰克林：“他从苍天那里取得了雷电，从暴君那里取得了民权。”