《小学初中高中九年英语语法大全》第4章：数词+量词_可数_名词_谓语

《小学初中高中九年英语语法大全》第4章：数词+量词

一，基数词

1，读法和用法：

①　101： a hundred and one;

②　520 ：five hundred and twenty;

③　648 ：six hundred and forty-eight

④　2,648：two thousand,six hundred and forty-eight

⑤　3,008： three thousand and eight

⑥　16,250,064： sixteen million,two hundred and fifty thousand,sixty four

⑦　5,237,166,234：five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-four

2，句法功能：名词/形容词作用，句中作主语/宾语/表语/定语/同位语。

①　Three from eight leaves five八减三等于五(主语，宾语)

②　My phone number is 1345xxxxx我的电话号码是...(作表语)

③　We still have one hour left我们还有1个小时(定语)

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④　We two will help you我们俩会帮你(同位语)

二，序数词：

1，句法功能：句中作主语/表语/宾语/定语等

①　The first is mine and the second is yours(主语)

②　You are the second to come(表语)

③　Do you prefer the first or the second?(宾语)

④　The second Sunday of May is Mother’s Day(定语)

数词的用法：编号可用序数词或基数词表示，序数词在名词前并加定冠词，基数词在名词后且名词首字母要大写，如基数词用单词表示也要大写首字母，一般基数词教常见，常用阿拉伯数字。

2，表达编号：

①　100号房间：Room 100/Room No.100/the No.100 Room

②　10路公交车：Bus 10/Bus No.10/the No.10 Bus

③　常德大道10号: No.10 Changde Avenue

④　第8号: Number 8(NO.8)

⑤　第10页: Page 10/the 10th page

⑥　电话：086-136-1184读作telephone number zero,eight,six（dash,)one,three,six(dash,)one,one,eight,four-电话号码的0也可读作/əʊ/，双数11也可读作double one,dash也可稍停顿不读出。

3，表达日期年代：

①　1997年：nineteen ninety-seven=1997

②　2009年10月25日：October the twenty-fifth,two thansand and nine = October 25th,2009 / 25th October 2009

③　20世纪90年代：the nineteen nineties = the 1990s/the 1990’s

4，表达年龄：

①　她是一个学生，16岁，来自中国：She is a student,16,from China

②　我16岁：I’m sixteen years old

③　她16岁时开始学汉语：He began to learn Chinese at the age of sixteen

④　他16岁时成了明星：When he was in his sixteen,he became a very famous star

⑤　在16岁时：at sixteen,at age sixteen

⑥　一个16岁的女孩: a girl who is sixteen/a girl who is sixteen years old/a girl aged sixteen/a sixteen-year-old girl/a girl of sixteen

⑦　表达某人几十多岁：in his early fifties在他五十岁刚出头 / in his late fifties在他五十七八岁左右的时候

5，表达时刻：小于10可用o，15用quarter，对半half或直拼，大与30差用to

①　7:00=It's seven o’clock.

②　7:00=It’s seven

③　7:30=seven thirty或half past seven

④　7:58= seven fifty-eight 或two to eight

⑤　7:05= seven o five

⑥　7:10= ten past seven

⑦　7:15= fifteen past seven/a quarter past seven

⑧　7:45=fifteen to eight/a quarter to eight

⑨　注意am/pm不能和morning/afternoon同时用

6，表达钱数：

①　7.5美金: $7.50(货币符号留2位，不能用$ 7.5)

②　500美元: five hundred dollars

③　0.5美元: a half dollar

④　5千万美金: $ 50 million/50 million dollars

7，表达分数/小数/百分数

①　1/2 = one half/a half不能读one second

②　1/3 = one third/a third

③　2/3 = two thirds

④　3/4 = three fourths/three quarters

⑤　67.89 = sixty seven point eight nine/six seven point eight nine

⑥　0.05 = zero point zero five/point zero five(point表“点”）

⑦　3.5% = three point five percent(percent表”百分之”)

⑧　46% = forty-six percent

⑨　1.5小时=one and a half hours 或an/one hour and a half

⑩　2.5千克= two and a half kilos或two kilos and a half

8，表达算式：

①　5+6=11：读Five plus six

is/are/make/makes

eleven

②　11-5=6：读Eleven minus five

is/makes

six

③　5*6=30：读Five times/multiplied six

is/are/make/makes

thirty

④　30÷5=6：读thirty divided by five

is/makes

six或Five into thirty

is/makes

six

1，表达倍数：

①　He is two times as fat as her他是她的2倍胖 = He is twice fatter than her他比她胖2倍 = He is fatter than her by twice他比她胖2倍

②　We have produced three times

as many cars as

we did last year.

③　China is almost five times

the size of

Mexico in area = The size of China is five times that of Mexico(倍数+名词：还可替换成weight/height/depth/width/age/length

④　The length of the road is twice/double

what is was

three years ago

⑤　He has read three times more books than i have

⑥　I usually spend half

what i earn

on books

⑦　We increased 20%

as many products as

last year

⑧　Food is to men what/as oil is to machine（A is to B what/as X is to Y)

⑨　Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearance，so do companies（正如...一样）

10，数词-可数名词单数(-形容词)做定语：

①　a three-month-old baby一个3个月大的婴儿

②　a two-month visit to China一趟2个月的中国之旅

③　a two-week trip around China一个2周的中国之旅

11，序数词前不用the/省略the的情况：

①　表数量多（不确定数目，加s，可接of

）：dozens of birds几十只鸟/scores of students几十个学生/hundreds of people成百上千人/tens of thousands of数以万计/thousands and thousands of成千上万

②　表数量多（确定数目，不加s，不接of）

：two million people两百万人/two dozen eggs两打鸡蛋（一打12个）/three score years六十岁 /two decades ago二十年前（这个特殊）

③　数百年/数百本书：several hundred years/a few hundred books（被被several，a few等词修饰）

三，表数量的短语：

1，Many和much：“许多，大量”many修饰或代替可数，much修饰或代替不可数；前面+as，so，too，how表强调。

①　Many of my cars are good （修饰可数复数）

②　Much of my water is polluted（修饰不可数）

③　How many cars you have?（问数量）

④　How much is the car？(问价钱）

2，(a)Little和(a)few：(a)Little可做主语/宾语/定语/状语，a little可修饰比较级，修饰/代替不可数名词，of后为特指的不可数名词或it；(a)few可做主语/宾语/表语/定语，修饰/代替可数名词复数，of后为特指的可数名词或them/you/us

①　There is a little orange juice in the bottle有

一点儿

橘子汁（不可数）

②　there is little /only a little orange juice in the bottle

几乎没有

橘子汁（不可数）

③　There are a few birds in the tree

有几只

鸟在树上 （可数）

④　There are few/only a few oranges on the tree

没有几个

橘子在树上（可数）

⑤　the next few days ✔ the next a few days ❌（The first/last/next后只能跟few，不能跟a few）

注意：little--less--least<=原形-比较级-最高级=>few--fewer--fewest

⑥　Diao Spend less time on maths,but she is much better at it

⑦　Who made fewer mistakes,Diao or Gou?

1，只能修饰可数名词的短语：there be的be动词根据被修饰名词单复数而定）

①　He has a great/large number of cars in the yard（大量的）

②　He has a good/great many cars in the yard（大量的）

③　He has a great many of the cars in the yard（cars特指在yard里有很多）

④　Many a car is ruined in the yard（许多many a+名词单数+谓语单数）

⑤　He has scores of cars in the yard（大量的score二十个）

⑥　He has dozens of cars in the yard（几十，很多，dozen一打，12个）

⑦　He has hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/billions of cars in the yard

⑧　The majority of the cars

have

been ruined（大多数）

2，只能修饰不可数名词的短语：

①　He has a great deal of water（很多，大量的）

②　He has a bit of water（一点儿）

③　He has amount of/amounts of water（一些/大量的，用法另讲）

④　A large amount of /A large amounts of water

is/are

...(主谓一致由amount的单复数决定）

3，双修的短语

①　He has plenty of water/cars许多

②　He has a lot of/lots of water/cars许多

③　The rest of the water/cars...剩下的

④　A variety of/Varieties of water/cars...各种各样的

⑤　He has a load of/loads of water/cars...很多

⑥　He has a mass of/masses of water/cars...

⑦　He has a quantity of/quantities of water/cars...(用法另讲）

⑧　A large quantity of water/cars

is/are

...（谓语单复数看后面的名词）

⑨　Large quantities of water/carts

are

...（谓语与quantities保持一致，只能用复数)

⑩　He has a sea of/mountains of water/cars...（另外还有piles of/a pack of/a river of/an ocean of/a heap of等）

⑪　Two thirds of water/cars...（分数后面）

4，either/neither/none of...+名词作主语

①　None of the cars is/are ruined（谓语单复数都可）

②　None of the water is polluted（谓语只能用单数）

③　Neither/either of the cars is ruined（谓语只能用单数）

5，one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语可单可复

①　One and a half days is all I can spare一天半是我能挤出的全部时间（表达的是一个时间段所以谓语用单数）