阅读理解：
Participation in classrooms is not only accepted but also expected from the students in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the students’ oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i.e. listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate seminars the professor has a “managerial” role and the students make presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these seminars.
A professor’s teaching style is another factor that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without dominating it. Many professors encourage students to question and challenge their ideas; students who make assertions that contradict the professor’s point of view should be prepared to supply evidence to their positions.
In the teaching of sciences and mathematics, the dominant mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes. However, new educational trends have emerged in the humanities and social sciences in the past two decades. Students in education, sociology, and psychology classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are “applied” rather than theoretical, they stress “doing” and involvement.
问题：
1.Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected from the students in many courses except in ______.
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A.seminar courses
B.the humanities and social sciences
C.informal lecture courses
D.science and mathematics
【参考答案】D
[考点]事实细节题
【精析】D 根据第三段第一句“In the teaching of sciences and mathematics…with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes.”可知，自然科学学科和数学学科的教学，通常是老师讲课，学生做笔记的传统模式，其他三项均需要学生的课堂参与。故选D。
2.Education in the humanities and social sciences has _______.
A.not changed much
B.changed from being theoretical to being applied
C.changed a little
D.become more theoretical than applied
【参考答案】B
[考点]事实细节题
【精析】B 根据第三段第二句“However, new educational trends have emerged in the humanities and social sciences in the past two decades.”和最后一句“Since some college or university courses are ‘applied’ rather than theoretical…”可知，人文社科类的课程教学出现了新的变化趋势，一些大学开设的课程更注重应用实践而非理论。故选B。
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A.an active participant in a seminar is a good student
B.a student who can always take full notes is a good one
C.a student who can dominate the class is a good one
D.a student who keeps silent in the classroom is a good one
【参考答案】A
[考点]推理判断题
【精析】A 根据第一段第二句“Some professors base part of the final grade on the students’ oral participation.”可推知，学生在课堂上的口头发言参与是会被计入到期末成绩中的，研讨会上表现越积极，分数自然就越高，就是一个好学生，所以A项正确，B项和D项错误。文中并没有提到一个能够掌控课堂的学生就是一个好学生，所以C项错误。故选A。
4. The reason why some professors ask students to make presentations and lead discussions is that _______ .
A.these professors are not willing to teach theory
B.these professors are often not well prepared before class
C.these professors want to stress “doing”
D.these professors want to test the students’ abilities
【参考答案】C
[考点]事实细节题
【精析】C 根据第三段最后两句“Students…are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations…Since some college or university courses…stress ‘doing’ and involvement.”可知，一些教授之所以要求学生作陈述和主持讨论是因为他们更看重实践，即更强调“做”和参与。故选C。
5.Which of the following is true?
A.Student participation is not common in the classroom in many courses like sociology.
B.Some professors want to dominate the classroom discussion.
C.Some professors usually want the students to participate in the teaching of sciences and mathematics.
D.New educational trends have emerged in the teaching of natural sciences such as chemistry.
【参考答案】B
[考点]事实细节题
【精析】B 根据第三段前三句“In the teaching of sciences and mathematics…case studies.”可知，社会学课堂上的学生经常被要求参与其中，自然科学学科和数学学科的教学中依然普遍采用了传统的以老师为主导的教学模式，出现新的教学趋势的学科是人文和社会科学学科，所以选项A、C、D均不正确。根据第二段第二句“Some professors prefer to control discussion…”可知，一些教授喜欢控制班级讨论，所以B项正确。故选B。
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